高轨航天器GNSS技术发展

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2020.20200170

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着高轨航天器任务和数量逐步增多，使用高轨GNSS技术在一定程度上避免了传统地面测控的局限性，降低了测控站网运行负担和维护成本，且提高了卫星平台自主导航能力和测定轨精度，具有显著的研究意义和应用价值。本文对GNSS用于高轨航天器的技术发展进行分析研究，对比低轨航天器，分析了GNSS在高轨空间环境中应用特点；从高轨GNSS可用性、在轨技术验证和高灵敏接收机技术3个方面，总结高轨GNSS自主导航技术特点和发展历程；分析了高轨事后精密定轨和编队卫星相对导航新任务中GNSS技术特点；从高轨航天器未来发展出发，给出后续高轨GNSS技术研究展望。

关键词: GNSS, 导航, 定轨, 高轨, 航天器, 北斗系统

Abstract: With the increasing number of high orbit spacecraft, the use of high orbit GNSS technology to a certain extent avoids the limitations of traditional ground-based measurement and orbit determination, reduces the operation burden and maintenance cost of ground-based measurement and communication, and improves the autonomous navigation ability and orbit measurement accuracy of the satellite platform. Therefore, GNSS technology has significant research significance and application value for high earth orbit spacecraft. In this paper, the technology development of GNSS used in high orbit spacecraft is reviewed. Compared with low orbit spacecraft, the characteristics of GNSS in high orbit space are analyzed. From the three aspects of high orbit GNSS availability, on orbit technology verification and high sensitive receiver technology, the characteristics and development of high orbit GNSS autonomous navigation technology are summarized. The new tasks of high orbit post precise orbit determination and formation satellite relative navigation are analyzed. From the perspective of the future development of high orbit spacecraft, the future research prospect of high orbit GNSS technology is given.

Key words: GNSS, navigation, orbit determination, high earth orbit, spacecraft, BDS

中图分类号:

王猛, 单涛, 王盾. 高轨航天器GNSS技术发展[J]. 测绘学报, 2020, 49(9): 1158-1167.

WANG Meng, SHAN Tao, WANG Dun. Development of GNSS technology for high earth orbit spacecraft[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2020, 49(9): 1158-1167.

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