测绘学报

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一种两步自适应抗差Kalman滤波在GPS/INS组合导航中的应用

吴富梅;杨元喜   

  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2010-10-25 发布日期:2010-10-25

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2010-10-25 Published:2010-10-25

摘要: 当GPS观测可用时,如何提高组合导航的可靠性、连续性以及导航精度是组合导航重要的研究主题。针对伪距、伪距率紧组合导航精度低、姿态角误差修正不精确的缺点,本文从参数可观测性角度提出一种两步自适应Kalman滤波算法。首先简单介绍了紧组合Kalman滤波的过程,然后给出了两步自适应抗差滤波的公式和具体步骤,并且进行了分析和比较。最后用实测算例对提出的算法进行验证。结果表明,相比较于伪距、伪距率紧组合Kalman滤波,两步自适应抗差滤波能够控制动态扰动异常和观测异常的影响;导航精度不会随着组合周期的增长、INS惯性元件误差的增大而降低;在惯性元件误差较大的情形下也能够很好地估计元件误差,提高姿态角精度。

Abstract: When GPS is in good observation condition, how to improve the reliability, the continuity and the precision of the integrated navigation is the goal of many researchers. In tight integarted navigation based on pseudorange and doppler observation, the precision is poor and the modification of the attitude errors is not accurate for poor observation precision of pseudorange. So a two-step adaptive robust Kalman filtering based on the observability of the parameters is presented. First the process of the tight integration is given and then the formulas and the approches of the new method are deduced and analyzed. Finally an actual calculation is given. It is shown that campared with tight integration, the two-step adaptive robust Kalman filtering can control the disturbances of the state and the outliers of the observation. And the navigation precision does not decrease while the integration period becomes longer and the INS errors become bigger. The INS errors can be rightly estimated and the precision of attitude angles is improved.