宽巷载波相位模糊度小数偏差估计及其时变特性分析

测绘学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 798-0.

宽巷载波相位模糊度小数偏差估计及其时变特性分析

张小红¹,李盼²,李星星²,朱锋³,左翔²

1. 武汉大学测绘学院卫星应用工程研究所
2. 武汉大学测绘学院
3. 武汉大学

收稿日期:2012-08-06 修回日期:2013-01-23 出版日期:2013-12-20 发布日期:2013-12-27
通讯作者: 李盼 E-mail:lipan0405@whu.edu.cn
基金资助:
实时PPP非差整数模糊度快速确定关键技术;多传感器对地观测网络数据精确处理与空间信息智能服务

An Analysis of Time-varying Propetry of Widelane Carrier Phase Ambiguity Fractional Bias

Received:2012-08-06 Revised:2013-01-23 Online:2013-12-20 Published:2013-12-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

获得稳定、可靠的卫星宽巷FCB（Fractional Cycle Bias）产品是实现非差无电离层组合精密单点定位（Precise Point Positioning, PPP）的模糊度固定解的必要条件。本文对Laurichesse等提出的使用序贯最小二乘估计非差宽巷FCB的方法进行了论述，指出其不足在于事先假定了单天内的（接收机端和卫星端）宽巷FCB稳定不变，而对其时变性质缺少讨论与分析。处理了全球350个IGS测站共10天的GPS观测数据，从站星非差FCB、站间单差FCB序列两方面对接收机端宽巷FCB的时变特性进行了详细的分析和讨论。数据处理结果表明：(1)在没有周跳的连续弧段内非差宽巷FCB的历元平滑结果具有较好的稳定性，使用不少于90个历元（45分钟）的数据即可收敛到0.1周以内保持精度稳定。依据该结论，本文建议计算非差宽巷FCB的最短弧段不应少于45分钟。(2)接收机端宽巷FCB在不同的天内随时间变化速率不一样，一天内最大变化量可以达到0.3周。并且接收机重启会使其重新赋值，破坏FCB值的连续性。本文关于接收机端宽巷FCB时变特性的分析表明Laurichesse等的序贯最小二乘法所依据的假设前提并不可靠，为获得更高精度的非差卫星宽巷FCB估值，对于接收机重新启动的观测数据，需要新增一个接收机FCB参数；而对于接收机FCB的时变特性，可以在估计时将其作为随机游走过程进行估计。

关键词: 宽巷模糊度, 小数周偏差, 时变特征, 精密单点定位, 模糊度固定

Abstract:

Stable and reliable satellite wide-lane fractional cycle bias (FCB) products are the key to fix the wide-lane integer ambiguity correctly and then accomplish integer ambiguity resolution in undifferenced ionosphere-free Precise Point Positioning with the Integer-Recovery Clock method. This article discusses the approach of estimating undifferenced wide-lane FCB by sequential least squares proposed by Laurichesse et al, then points out that the daily wide-lane FCBs in satellites and receivers are assumed unchanged in advance, while lack of discussion and analysis of its time-varying property. Global GPS observations of ten days on 350 stations are processed and the time-varying property of wide-lane FCB in satellites and receivers is analyzed and discussed in detail from three aspects, undifferenced FCB between receiver and satellite and single-difference FCB between receivers. Results show that: (1)After smoothing, undifferenced wide-lane FCB is stable in a continuous arc without cycle slip, and can converge to 0.1 cycles by using more than 90 epochs(45 minutes) data. So we suggest the shortest arc to estimate wide-lane FCB should be longer than 45 minutes. (2)The rate of change disagrees over time in different days for wide-lane FCB in receivers, the maximum change in one day can reach up to 0.3 cycles. Besides, receiver reboot will make FCB reinitialize and destroy its continuity. Thus in this paper, the analysis of wide-lane FCB time-varying property in receivers indicates that the assumption of sequential least squares proposed by Laurichesse et al is not reliable. In order to obtain more precise undifferenced wide-lane FCB in satellites, the instability of daily wide-lane FCB in receivers needs to be considered. A new receiver FCB parameter should be added in the case of receiver reboot and the receiver FCB parameter can be estimated as a random walk process.

Key words: Wide-lane ambiguity, fractional cycle bias, Time-varying property, Precise Point Positioning, Ambiguity resolution

中图分类号:

张小红李盼李星星朱锋左翔. 宽巷载波相位模糊度小数偏差估计及其时变特性分析[J]. 测绘学报, 2013, 42(6): 798-0.

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