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Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica 2009 Vol.38 Please wait a minute... For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails Select Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （1660）      PDF（pc） （310KB）（1892）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Study of the Geometric Calibration Method for Airborne SAR Image without DEM Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （1002）      PDF（pc） （421KB）（1547）       Knowledge map    Save A set of geometric calibration method for airborne SAR image based on prior conditions was proposed, which is independent of DEM and could applied to the complex environment in airplane with uncertainty factors. First, different calibration algorithms were analyzed and unified according to the SAR imaging theory and the geometric distortion course; and then, necessary conditions for precise correction algorithm based on the determinate model were studied, and a calibration algorithm based on the statistic model was put forward when essential conditions could not be satisfied; subsequently, a decision model of calibration scheme was proposed on the basis of different prior conditions. Experimental results of calibration algorithms and fidelity evaluations based on region registration show the validity of the method proposed here. Related Articles | Metrics Select The Determination of Chinese Mainland Crustal Movement Model Using Least-Squares Collocation Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （881）      PDF（pc） （829KB）（1719）       Knowledge map    Save In view of the fact that the observation data are insufficient and uneven distributed in the analyses of Chinese mainland crustal movement, a more suitable least-squares collocation model is established for the analyses of crustal deformation,in which both trend term and signal term are included with the definite senses of the model parameters. Combining the robust estimation, we introduce the deformation values computed from a geophysical model for data centerlizing processing, and put forward a new method of constructing co-variance function according to different regions and different directions. We obtain the movement models of the major tectonic blocks in Chinese mainland using the collocation model presented in this paper, finally, give the movement map of whole Chinese mainland. Related Articles | Metrics Select Quantitative research on spatial scale of eco-environment based on wavelet analysis Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （1430）      PDF（pc） （50KB）（1655）       Knowledge map    Save Eco-environmental system was a complex system with the characters of non-linear, which could be expressed as a series of numbers with the development and widely use of the technique “Remote Sensing-Geographical information system-Global position system”. On the background, how to illustrate the large-scale geographical principles and the small-scale ecological principles with these numerous data, is a critical problem, and connected with scale dependency of the principles. Additionally, the common dilemma about the controversial opinions or knowledge conflicts among ecological and geographical experts, as well as the blur zoning boundaries and arbitrary decisions during the process of ecological regionalization, ecological assessment and other decision-making cases, were also closely related to scale sensitive problems. Scale has been the highlights of eco-environmental research. The paper reviewed the scale approaches on the view of the objects, data and mathematical tools of the research cases, and made some meaningful assessment on the typical cases. Based on the review, the essay was designed the following focuses: Identification of the characteristic scale of eco-environmental indicators with a explanation of its geographical causes, Scale response to the spatial pattern of eco-environmental indicators, Scale influence on the correlations among eco-environmental indicators, Discrimination of the eco-environmental thresholds on the characteristic scale, Temporal influence on the eco-environmental pattern-scale by use of Remote Sensing data and wavelet analysis as the multi-resolution tool for scale transfer. Related Articles | Metrics Select Study on Grid Enabled High Performance Aerosol Quantitative Remote Sensing Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （1059）      PDF（pc） （55KB）（1586）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Study on the Comparison of Land Cover Classification for Multitemporal MODIS Images Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （1047）      PDF（pc） （942KB）（1562）       Knowledge map    Save The four broadly used classification methods, which are Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC), Self-Organized Neural Network (SONN), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Decision Tree Classification (DTC), are firstly applied for the land cover remote sensing classification based on the multitemporal Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images of Heilongjiang area in this paper. Then, this paper deeply compares the four classifiers through different aspects, as a result, DTC is the best and MLC as one of the classical methods is more stable than other three methods. Therefore, the land cover classification over China is made by DTC and MLC, afterwards compare them again. The conclusions got in this paper are valuable for how to select classifiers in the similar applications. Related Articles | Metrics Select Distributed Computing Model of Mobile Spatial Information Service Grid Based on Mobile Agent Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （926）      PDF（pc） （610KB）（1491）       Knowledge map    Save A new methodology of mobile spatial information service is studied based on grid computing environment. Key technologies are presented in the methodology, including grid computing, Mobile Agent (MA) distributed computing, Global Positioning System (GPS), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). In view of the narrow bandwidth and instability of the wireless internet, limited processing speed and low memory of mobile devices, a new mobile agent based mobile spatial information service grid model is further proposed that has good load balance, high processing efficiency, less network communication and thus suitable for mobile spatial information service. It can provide applications of spatial information grid computing and mobile service, real-time monitoring and scheduling of mobile objects. The theories and technologies architecture of mobile spatial information service grid are built originally from the base, including spatial information mobile agent model, distributed grid Geographic Information System (GIS) server model, mobile agent server model and mobile GIS client model. An application system for mobile spatial information service grid is therefore developed authorship by visual C++ and embedded visual C++. A field test is carried out through this system in Shanghai, and the results show that the proposed model and methods are feasible and adaptable for mobile spatial information service. Related Articles | Metrics Select IMU/DGPS Supported Block Adjustment of ADS40 Three Line Imagery Data Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （1023）            Knowledge map    Save This paper makes a comprehensive study on the triangulation of ADS40 airborne three line images supported by GPS/IMU data. Considering that different Local Space Rectangular (LSR) systems have been adopted for different ADS40 strips, the equations to transform the exterior orientation elements of all ADS40 strips to one LSR frame are derived at first, then the principle of the block adjustment of three-line image using orientation image is introduced and a math model to describe the error of IMU/DGPS data is designed. Two datasets from Waldkirch test field located in Switzerland, which have been acquired in May 2002 with the GSD of 20cm and September 2004 with the GSD of 35cm respectively, are used to test the correctness of algorithms mentioned above. Block adjustment experiments have been carried out for the blocks constructed by all west-east strips and plus two cross strips at each end of them. Results indicate that the positioning accuracy of IMU/DGPS data can be promoted effectively when only one ground control point is introduced into adjustment. While locating one control point at each corner of the block, the combined adjustment of IMU/DGPS data with ADS40 image observations achieves the accuracy of 1.5 pixels on the ground. The cross strips are not good for combined adjustment and not recommended in actual application. Related Articles | Metrics Select Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （1053）      PDF（pc） （524KB）（1997）       Knowledge map    Save A Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) generating algorithm is proposed for one station terrestrial laser scanning point cloud. The algorithm is incremental insertion generating algorithm using spherical projection strategy. Previous 3D TIN generating algorithms have problem to get correct neighboring relation between points, so, spherical projection strategy is employed to resolve the problem. The strategy is on the basis of the characteristic of one station terrestrial laser scanning point cloud. Incremental insertion generating algorithm takes less computer space resource, so the algorithm is suit for the data set with large amount of points. Some details of generating spherical Delaunay TIN are described, they include: the data structure of the algorithm; the definition of the projective sphere; generating of initial TIN; the method to judge positional relationship between geometric objects; the method of directed searching for triangle and the spherical local optimization procedure. The processes are optimized to improve the algorithm’s efficiency. There are two experiments comparing the proposed algorithm with Geomagic Studio to test the performance of the algorithm. The first experiment reveals that the proposed algorithm is more efficient than the Geomagic Studio, and the second experiment shows that the proposed algorithm could get the better results to generate TIN. Related Articles | Metrics Select Quasigeoid Grid Network Biquadratic Interpolation Method Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （1085）      PDF（pc） （351KB）（1904）       Knowledge map    Save It is difficult for a mathematical model to express a big area surface with complex structure. As for a national or provincial quasigeoid, the common method is firstly to build a regular quasigeoid grid network, and then to interpolate the height anomaly based on the quasigeoid grid network. The distance weighted interpolation and bilinear interpolation, which are the common methods used in China, are discussed in this paper. It is pointed out that the distance weighted interpolation method could cause serious problems, such as surface distortion, unsmooth and discontinuity, while the bilinear model would bring the surface with “spire point” and “folding marks”. However, the quasigeoid is a continual and smooth surface obviously. Aiming at solving all these issues, this paper suggests the biquadratic interpolation method, which depends on the point's location relating to corners and edges of the grid network, only the nearest nine points are needed for each point's interpolation. But the biquadratic interpolation will cause surface distortion problem under the circumstance of inflexion, so this paper proposes a correction method to deal with it. The renewed biquadratic interpolation method could obtain a continual and smooth surface in the whole area. Therefore, its interpolation precision is enhanced. For these advantages, it is suggested that the renewed biquadratic interpolation method should be used universally for quasigeoid grid network interpolation. Related Articles | Metrics Select <SPAN lang=EN-US style= Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （1138）      PDF（pc） （425KB）（1706）       Knowledge map    Save Construction progress of large cable-stayed bridge is complicated and the quality control is strict. Any disadvantage during construction may potentially affect the internal forces and deck alignments after it is open to traffic. To exactly evaluate the periodic alignments, internal forces and safety, geometrical and physical monitoring is needed during construction. Aims at the requirement of dynamic geometric monitoring during Sutong Bridge construction, and introduces the realization and observing schemes of the self developed GPS and georobot based remote real-time dynamic geometrical deformation monitoring system and enumerates some of the application achievements. Long-term operation during Sutong Bridge construction indicates that the system runs steadily and the results are credible. The monitoring system indicates superiority compared with conventional methods and ensures the progress of the project construction. Related Articles | Metrics Select Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （1079）      PDF（pc） （458KB）（1700）       Knowledge map    Save Traditional gravity reduction is not fit for disturbing gravities, vertical deviations and gravity gradients, etc., except gravity anomalies on the earth surface. It isn’t competent to deal with topographic effect away from earth surface. With the appearance of more and more gravity data types such as airborne data or satellite data, how to process the topographic effects for any altitude accurately has turned into an important topic in gravity field. In the paper, we separate directly harmonic gravity field generated from terrain, then deduce the formulas of topographic effects which are suitable for any altitude and all kinds of disturbing gravity field quantities. Also high precise fast algorithms have been provided within the spherical approximation. The methods recommended in this paper can easily solve the topographic effects of ground gravity, marine gravity, airborne gravity, satellite gravity and satellite altimetry. It enriches the scientific connotation in the gravity data processing and helps to improve algorithms in gravity field. Related Articles | Metrics Select Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （800）      PDF（pc） （235KB）（1838）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Expanding of Classical Surveying Adjustment Model Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （962）      PDF（pc） （164KB）（1865）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Quality Control of GPS Height in Precise MBS Measurement Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （896）      PDF（pc） （413KB）（1811）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Multi-scale Evaluation Method for Uncertainty of Remote Sensing Classification Based on Hybrid Entropy Model Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （1533）      PDF（pc） （249KB）（1703）       Knowledge map    Save This study put forward a multi-scale evaluation method to reflect classification uncertainty based on hybrid entropy model. In the process of RS images classification, stochastic uncertainty and fuzzy uncertainty are ubiquitous characteristics, and hybrid entropy can be used to measure the total uncertainty of classification caused by both of them. Firstly, we discuss the modeling method based on hybrid entropy theory, and use the statistical data of feature space and fuzzy classifier to obtain modeling parameters. Secondly, pixel hybrid entropy and category hybrid entropy are used as multi-scale indices to evaluate uncertainty of RS images classification. Finally, a remote sensing image of Hubei Province is taking as testing data to verify the above method. Experimental result shows that hybrid entropy can fully reflected stochastic uncertainty and fuzzy uncertainty of classification, and the multi-scale indices are reasonable and effective when compared with the conventional evaluation method which limits to modeling from unitary uncertainty and single scale. Related Articles | Metrics Select Normal Morlet Wavelet Transform and Its Application on Detection of the Earth’s Free Oscillations Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （1121）      PDF（pc） （404KB）（1875）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （1280）      PDF（pc） （277KB）（1717）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Generalized Torus Harmonic Analysis of Satellite Gravity Gradients Component Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （937）      PDF（pc） （626KB）（1794）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （836）      PDF（pc） （412KB）（1996）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （897）      PDF（pc） （344KB）（1998）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （1059）      PDF（pc） （594KB）（1794）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （805）            Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （846）      PDF（pc） （395KB）（1483）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （966）      PDF（pc） （395KB）（1537）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （1073）      PDF（pc） （294KB）（2371）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （973）      PDF（pc） （219KB）（1886）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （976）            Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （1003）      PDF（pc） （381KB）（2916）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica    Abstract （786）      PDF（pc） （224KB）（1770）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics